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Air Pollution Control Methodologies

Air pollution control methods are used at different stages of Plant Scherer’s production process in order to minimize pollution from emitted gases. The three main pollutants regulated at Plant Scherer, as well as the United States, are particulate matter, NOx, and SO2. These pollutants can cause potential health problems for humans and can damage the environment. An electrostatic precipitator and a baghouse filter are two pollution control methods that focus on particulate matter collection. Flue gas desulfurization is a method that works to mitigate SO2 pollution. Also, selective catalytic reduction is put in place for NOx control. Each air pollution control method at Plant Scherer is further explained in detail.

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Electrostatic Precipitator

Baghouse Filters

​An electrostatic precipitator is a control method used for particulate matter collection at Plant Scherer. Electrostatic precipitators consist of discharge wires and collection plates. By applying high voltage to the discharge wires, an electric field forms between the wires and collection plates. When gas that contains particulate matter flows between the collection plates and the wires, the gas becomes ionized and the particulates in the gas become negatively charged by the ions. The negatively charged particulates are then collected by the positively charged collection plates, and the gas then leaves purified. Plant Scherer has an electrostatic precipitator attached to each one of its boiler units. The original installment project of each boiler unit also included an electrostatic precipitator attached to top of each unit (1982, 1984, 1987, 1989).

Baghouse filters are also a control method used to collect particulate matter at Plant Scherer. Baghouse filters have a much simpler and more efficient collection process when compared to electrostatic precipitators because electric charge is not an important factor. The collection process of a baghouse filter begins with “dirty” gas entering the baghouse filter and traveling through the bags. Large particles fall into the hopper at the bottom of the system, and smaller particles are collected through the bag filters. Air manifolds are used to push compressed air through the filters which release the smaller collected particles into the hopper. Lastly, clean gas leaves the baghouse filter through the top of the system. Plant Scherer’s baghouse installation dates are listed below for each of the four boiler units on site:

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Selective Catalytic Reduction

Flue Gas Desulfurization

Flue-gas desulfurization (FGD) is a set of technologies used to remove sulfur dioxide (SO2) from exhaust flue gases of fossil-fuel power plants, and from the emissions of other sulfur oxide emitting processes. The main goal is to remove sulfur, particulates, and other chemicals from the flue gas prior to environmental release. The process begins with the dirty exhaust gases from the boiler coming into contact with limestone. A chemical reaction occurs between the SO2 in the gas and the limestone removing the SO2 from the gas. Stirrers assist in the mixing, helping clean the gas. The resulting products, primarily calcium sulfite are then oxidized to produce calcium sulfate, a gypsum byproduct, which falls to the bottom. The cleaned gas rises exiting through the top of the tower.

Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) technology is designed to remove NOx from exhaust flue gas. It begins with ammonia being injected into the flue gas after it leaves the boiler. This chemical reaction causes NOx to decompose into N2 and H2O vapor. This reduction reaction takes place as the gases pass through the catalyst chamber. The resulting N2 and H20 then passes through to eventually be released.

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